| 二支部党史学习教育（二十八）：建党百年重要概念汉英对照（一） |
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2021-06-28 |
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1.新时代中国特色社会主义思想Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era
例句：全面贯彻新时代中国特色社会主义思想和基本方略，不断提高全党马克思主义理论水平。新时代中国特色社会主义思想和基本方略，不是从天上掉下来的，不是主观臆想出来的，而是党的十八大以来，在新中国成立特别是改革开放以来我们党推进理论创新和实践创新的基础上，全党全国各族人民进行艰辛理论探索的成果，是全党全国各族人民创新创造的智慧结晶。
——摘自习近平在中共十九届一中全会上的讲话，2017年10月25日
译文：We must ensure that the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and its basic principles are fully implemented, so as to raise the level of understanding of Marxism within the whole Party. The thought and its basic principles have come neither from thin air nor subjective assumptions. They are the results of the rigorous theoretical quest of the Party and the Chinese people since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, based on our Party’s innovation in theory and practice since the founding of the PRC in 1949 and particularly since the launch of reform and opening up in 1978. They therefore represent a crystallization of the creative wisdom of our Party and the people.
– from the speech at the First Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, October 25, 2017
2.“两个一百年”奋斗目标 Two Centenary Goals
释义：“两个一百年”奋斗目标，是建设中国特色社会主义的奋斗目标。2012年11月，中共十八大提出，在中国共产党成立100年时全面建成小康社会，在新中国成立100年时建成富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家。中共十九大提出新时代中国特色社会主义发展的战略安排：第一个阶段，从2020年到2035年，在全面建成小康社会的基础上，再奋斗15年，基本实现社会主义现代化；第二个阶段，从2035年到本世纪中叶，在基本实现现代化的基础上，再奋斗15年，把我国建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。译文：The Two Centenary Goals were put forth by the CPC at its 18th National Congress in November 2012 for building socialism with Chinese characteristics. The two goals are to complete a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the centenary of the CPC (founded in 1921) and to build China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the centenary of the PRC (founded in 1949). The CPC drew up a development plan for the new era at its 19th National Congress. In the first stage from 2020 to 2035, we will build on the foundation of the moderately prosperous society with a further 15 years of hard work to see that socialist modernization is basically realized. In the second stage from 2035 to the middle of the 21st century, having achieved basic modernization, we will work hard for a further 15 years and develop China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful. 例句：经过长期努力，中国特色社会主义进入了新时代。新时代要有新气象，更要有新作为。中共十九大到下一次的二十大这5年，正处在实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标的历史交汇期，第一个百年目标要实现，第二个百年奋斗目标要开篇。——摘自习近平在中共十九届中央政治局常委同中外记者见面时的讲话，2017年10月25日译文：Following decades of hard work, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. In this new context, we must undertake new initiatives, and more importantly, achieve greater success. The coming five years between the 19th and the 20th CPC national congresses are a period in which the timeframes of the Two Centenary Goals will converge. We must deliver the First Centenary Goal; we must also embark on the journey towards the Second Centenary Goal.
– from the speech at the press conference by members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the 19th CPC Central Committee, October 25, 2017
3.“五位一体”总体布局 Five-sphere Integrated Plan
释义：“五位一体”总体布局，指中国特色社会主义事业总体布局，包括经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设。译文：The Five-sphere Integrated Plan refers to China’s overall plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics, that is, to promote coordinated progress in the economic, political, cultural, social and eco-environmental fields.例句：党的十八大以来，党中央从全面建成小康社会要求出发，把扶贫开发工作纳入“五位一体”总体布局、“四个全面”战略布局，作为实现第一个百年奋斗目标的重点任务，作出一系列重大部署和安排，全面打响脱贫攻坚战。——摘自习近平在打好精准脱贫攻坚战座谈会上的讲话，2018年2月12日译文：At its 18th National Congress in 2012, the CPC vowed to achieve moderate prosperity in all respects throughout the country. Accordingly, the CPC Central Committee has included development-driven poverty alleviation in the Five-sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy, and made it one of the key tasks for realizing the First Centenary Goal. We have produced a raft of major strategies for the fight against poverty on all fronts.
– from the speech at the Seminar on Targeted Poverty Elimination, February 12, 2018
4.“四个全面”战略布局Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy
释义：“四个全面”战略布局，指中国特色社会主义事业战略布局，包括全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党。译文：The Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy refers to China’s strategic plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics, that is, to make comprehensive moves to complete a moderately prosperous society in all respects, to further reform, to advance the rule of law, and to strengthen Party self-governance.例句：这次深化党和国家机构改革，立足实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标，着眼统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局和协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，作出具有前瞻性、战略性的制度安排，力争把党和国家机构设置和职能配置基本框架建立起来，努力实现党和国家机构职能优化协同高效。——摘自习近平在中共十九届三中全会第二次全体会议上的讲话，2018年2月28日译文：Looking to realize the Two Centenary Goals and implementing both the Five-sphere Integrated Plan and theFour-pronged Comprehensive Strategy in a coordinated way, we have defined farsighted institutional strategies in this round of further reform of Party and state institutions, with the goal of establishing the basic framework of the setup and functions of Party and state institutions and achieving optimization, coordination and efficiency.
– from the speech at the second full assembly of the Third Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, February 28, 2018
5.新发展理念（创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念）
new development philosophy
vision/concept of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development
例句1：坚定不移贯彻新发展理念，坚决端正发展观念、转变发展方式，发展质量和效益不断提升。
——摘自习近平在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上的报告，2017年10月18日
译文：We have remained committed to the new development philosophy, adopted the right approach to development, and endeavored to transform the growth model. The result has been a constant improvement in the quality and effect of development.
– from the Report to the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, October 18, 2017例句2：前进道路上，我们必须围绕解决好人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾这个社会主要矛盾，坚决贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，推动高质量发展，推动新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展，加快建设现代化经济体系，努力实现更高质量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持续的发展。——摘自习近平在庆祝改革开放40周年大会上的讲话，2018年12月18日译文：On the path ahead, we must resolve the principal challenge facing our society – the gap between unbalanced and inadequate development and the growing expectation of the people for a better life. We must pursue with resolve the concept of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development. We must implement the Five-sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy to promote high-quality development. We must see to it that new industrialization, IT application, urbanization, and agricultural modernization go forward hand in hand. We must quicken our pace in developing a modernized economy, and strive to achieve better quality, more efficient, fairer, and more sustainable development.
– from the speech at the conference celebrating the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, December 18, 2018
6.中国特色社会主义最本质的特征the defining feature of Chinese socialism
例句：中国特色社会主义最本质的特征是中国共产党领导，中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势是中国共产党领导，党是最高政治领导力量。
——摘自习近平在主持中共十九届中央政治局第六次集体学习时的讲话，2018年6月29日
译文：The leadership of the CPC is the defining feature of Chinese socialism and the greatest strength of this system. Our Party is the highest force for political leadership.
– from the speech at the sixth group study session of the Political Bureau of the 19th CPC Central Committee, June 29, 2018
7.党的全面领导overall Party leadership
例句：要建立健全坚持和加强党的全面领导的组织体系、制度体系、工作机制，切实把党的领导落实到改革发展稳定、内政外交国防、治党治国治军等各领域各方面各环节。
——摘自习近平在主持中共十九届中央政治局第六次集体学习时的讲话，2018年6月29日
译文：We need to establish sound organizational frameworks, systems, and mechanisms for strengthening overall Party leadership in all realms and respects, including reform, development, social stability, domestic affairs, foreign relations, national defense, and governance of the Party, the state, and the military.
– from the speech at the sixth group study session of the Political Bureau of the 19th CPC Central Committee, June 29, 2018
8.党总揽全局、协调各方The Party exercises overall leadership and coordinates the efforts of all.The Party exercises overall leadership and coordinates work in all areas.
例句：我们推进各方面制度建设、推动各项事业发展、加强和改进各方面工作，都必须坚持党的领导，自觉贯彻党总揽全局、协调各方的根本要求。
——摘自习近平在中共十九届四中全会第二次全体会议上的讲话，2019年10月31日
译文：We must uphold Party leadership in developing our systems, push forward all our undertakings, and improve our work in all areas. We must conscientiously implement the fundamental requirement that the Party exercises overall leadership and coordinates the efforts of all.
– from the speech at the second full assembly of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, October 31, 2019
9.党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一(to ensure that) the Party’s leadership, the people’s position as masters of the country, and law-based governance form an indivisible whole
例句：积极发展社会主义民主政治，推进全面依法治国，党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一的制度建设全面加强，党的领导体制机制不断完善，社会主义民主不断发展，党内民主更加广泛，社会主义协商民主全面展开，爱国统一战线巩固发展，民族宗教工作创新推进。
——摘自习近平在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上的报告，2017年10月18日
译文：We have actively developed socialist democracy and advanced law-based governance. We have stepped up institution building across the board to ensure that the Party’s leadership, the people’s position as masters of the country, and law-based governance form an indivisible whole; and we have continuously improved the institutions and mechanisms by which the Party exercises leadership. Steady progress has been made in enhancing socialist democracy; intra-Party democracy has been expanded, and socialist consultative democracy is flourishing. The patriotic united front has been consolidated and developed, and new approaches have been adopted for work related to ethnic and religious affairs.
– from the Report to the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, October 18, 2017
10.党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略the Party’s underlying theories, basic guidelines, and fundamental principles
例句：前进征程上，我们要坚持中国共产党领导，坚持人民主体地位，坚持中国特色社会主义道路，全面贯彻执行党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略，不断满足人民对美好生活的向往，不断创造新的历史伟业。
——摘自习近平在庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年大会上的讲话，2019年10月1日
译文：On our journey forward, we must uphold the CPC’s leadership, ensure that the people are the masters of the country, stay on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and fully implement the Party’s underlying theories, basic guidelines, and fundamental principles. We must strive to constantly meet the people’s desire for a better life and reach new and historic heights.
– from the speech at the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, October 1, 2019
中国外文局中国翻译研究院、外文出版社
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